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The Edo Period The Japanese Edo period is also known as the Tokugawa period. It is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1867. The period marks the governance of the Edo or Tokugawa Shogunate which was officially established in 1603 by the first Edo shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu. The period ended with the Meiji Restoration, the restoration of imperial rule by the 15th and last shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu. The Edo period is [...] Click here to continue reading. Chasse – Definition A French word, a metal box with a hinged gabled cover that may be champleve enameled, engraved, and ornately decorated with saints or religious figures. The term is usually applied to a shrine for a saint or reliquary. Martha Farham Cahoon (1905-1999) Martha was originally from the Rosindale section of Boston, born to Swedish immigrants in 1905. Her father, Axel Farham, was a talented furniture decorator who learned his art in his native Sweden. He worked for some of the best-known decorating firms in Boston. When Martha was 10 years old, the family moved to the Cape Cod town of Harwich. She excelled in school, but chose to apprentice with her [...] Click here to continue reading. Carlo Bugatti (1856-1940) Carlo Bugatti was born in Milan and became an artist and designer of international renown. He trained at the Brera Academy of Fine Arts and was greatly influenced by the early exponents of the ‘New Art’ in their reaction against the heavy, ornate, classical, Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo styles fashionable in the mid 19th Century. Carlo Bugatti worked in architecture, interiors, ceramics, musical instruments, paintings, silverware and textiles as well as [...] Click here to continue reading. The Arts & Crafts Movement The principles of the Arts and Crafts movement were initially frontiered in England through the efforts of John Ruskin and William Morris. Ruskin was not a craftsman but an academic scholar at Oxford. He believed passionately that the Industrial Revolution would erode the English countryside by turning it into factory fields while relegating the skilled English craftsman to the status of a laborer. The battle cry of his movement, [...] Click here to continue reading. F. Barbedienne, Fondeur The Paris foundry of Barbedienne is generally considered to be the premier nineteenth century foundry for bronze sculpture. It was founded in 1838 by Ferdinand Barbedienne and Achille Collas, who had invented a mechanism to mechanically reduce statues. At first the Barbedienne foundry made bronze reductions of Greek and Roman antique sculptures. In 1843 they added the first living artist, Francois Rude, to their clientele. Throughout its history the Barbedienne organization [...] Click here to continue reading. Oscar Bruno Bach Born in Germany in 1884 and emigrated to the United States in 1913, Oscar Bruno Bach was a metallurgist and designer who, after many years of research, developed his own process enabling ferrous metals to sustain color and resist corrosion when used on building exteriors. Before the early 20th century, the use of mixed metals had been restricted to small works such as jewelry. Extraordinary skill and new techniques were required [...] Click here to continue reading. Mildred G. Watkins (American, Ohio, 1883 to 1968) Mildred Watkins was one of the first of a generation of Ohio-based artists who, in turning their attention to the medium, elevated enameling to unprecedented levels of beauty and inventiveness. She started as a painter who sort of “fell into” enameling. She studied portraiture at the Cleveland School of Art, but was not fond of laboring over her paintings, saying that “anything she did after the [...] Click here to continue reading. The Dirk Van Erp Studio The Dirk Van Erp Studio, also know as The Copper Shop operated in San Francisco, California from 1908 to 1977. Principle artists working in the studio included its founder, Dirk Van Erp (1860 to 1933), D’arcy Gaw and Agatha Van Erp. Working with a staff of skilled craftsmen and women these artists produced a line of high quality copper vases, accessories and lighting. Information courtesy of Craftsman Auctions, September 2002. Kang Definition A “kang” is the Chinese word for fireplace. In the colder regions of China these were built of clay or brick. They would be would be heated from underneath and used as a bed and general living space. But low tables would be placed on the kang when needed to hold tea, meals, spittoons and other everyday items. Information courtesy of Robert Goldberg, p4a editor, February 2010. |
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